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[nexus] 应用实践之YUM仓库

[nexus] 应用实践之YUM仓库

YUM 是RHEL分支的包管理工具,是一个RPM系统的自动更新和软件包安装/卸载器。它可以自动计算依赖和找出想要安装的软件包。数据中心服务器有一定规模数量时系统管理员一般搭建一个私有YUM仓库,来解决网络加速、网络策略配置(数据中心内的服务器通常为安全会配置网络策略--不能上外网)等问题。

从业多年,也见过不少使用定时任务使用rsync去同步网易、中科大、阿里云等这些国内镜像源。本文基于nexus来配置一个YUM私有仓库案例。

为YUM创建Blob Store

image-20210603223056806

创建本地 YUM Registry

按下图创建并配置YUM 仓库

image-20210603223311539

对应配置参考以下表:

选项
Name yum-private
Online checked
Repodata Depth 2
Layout Policy Strict
Blob store yum-private
Deployment policy Allow redeploy

创建远端 YUM Registry

image-20210603223129895

配置参考以下表:

选项
Name yum-proxy
Online checked
Remote storage http://mirrors.163.com/centos/
Blob store yum-proxy
Deployment policy Allow redeploy

创建 YUM Registry Group

配置参考以下表:

选项
Name yum
Online checked
Remote storage http://mirrors.163.com/centos/
Blob store yum-group
Group yum-private、yum-proxy

image-20210603223513861

RHEL/CentOS系统使用 YUM Registry Mirror

以上操作完成后,则 YUM Registry Mirror 已经部署完毕, 对外只需要提供 yum-group的URL即可:http://IP:8081/repository/yum/

往内网操作系统中YUM源使用以下内容:

[nexus]
name=Nexus Repository
baseurl=http://IP:8081/repository/yum/$releasever/os/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

Tips: 实际生产中可以使用Nginx等反向代理来使用域名来提供服务。比如域名为demo.com,对外提供业务URL可以是:http://repo.demo.com/yum

构建缓存

# yum makecache fast

安装软件包

# yum makecache fast
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
nexus                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        | 1.8 kB  00:00:00
(1/2): nexus/7/x86_64/group_gz                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | 155 kB  00:00:00
(2/2): nexus/7/x86_64/primary                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | 2.9 MB  00:00:00
nexus                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   10072/10072
Metadata Cache Created
[root@common yum.repos.d]# yum -y install net-tools
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

====================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                                              Arch                                                              Version                                                                              Repository                                                        Size
====================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 net-tools                                                            x86_64                                                            2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7                                                             nexus                                                            306 k

Transaction Summary
====================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 306 k
Installed size: 917 k
Downloading packages:
net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | 306 kB  00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1/1
  Verifying  : net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1/1

Installed:
  net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7

Complete!

返回Nexus系统管理页面上,可以看到已存储的YUM数据
image-20210603224856872